In the American culture, where being thin is revered above all else, the quest to shed pounds and acquire the perfect body seems without end. Women  and men  go to great lengths on a daily basis to ensure that they measure up to the standards set out by an industry focused on physical beauty and little else. And when diet and exercise fails to achieve the exact results that people want, they often turn to liposuction to reduce their waistlines and thin their thighs. But, as with any surgery, liposuction risk is present at all times.

As with any surgery that requires general anesthesia as liposuction most often does  there are risks inherent to being kept asleep for any period of time. While it is rare, the risk of complications from anesthesia does exist and for many who are deciding on elective surgery, it is a risk that must be examined. Talk to your surgeon about the statistics involvingcomplications and death resulting from anesthesia and blood loss during surgery.

However, liposuction risk associated with anesthesia and blood loss is far lower than those risks associated with infection. One possible liposuction risk of this kind is toxic shock syndrome caused by the bodys contact with bacteria. Another infection, known as Necrotizing Fascitis involves bacteria attacking healthy tissue. Both infections can cause serious complications and even death. One even more common liposuction risk is that of Embolism  where fat deposits that have been dislodged during the procedure actually enter the bloodstream. This can cause severecomplications.

Of course, there is a liposuction risk associated with the actual act of surgery itself wherein internal organs are damaged during fat removal or nerves are compromised.

Another liposuction risk is associated with previous health conditions. Your medical history should be thoroughly reviewed prior to surgery to assess risks connected to a history of heart problems, high blood pressure, or diabetes.

Surgery of any kind should not be entered into lightly. Liposuction risk is real. And it should be carefully researched and considered before making the decision to have liposuction surgery.

A survey conducted by the India office of the international non-governmental organisation, Transparency International, reveals that, according to people’s actual experiences, the health service is the most corrupt service sector in India. It ranks India as one of the 30 most corrupt countries in the world. Indifferent treatment of patients, unofficial payments to providers, lack of patient privacy, and inadequate provision of medicines and supplies are some of the most common demerits and malpractices prevailing in the health services in India.

The survey, conducted with private marketing research company ORG-Marg Research, interviewed some 5000 citizens in a household survey to assess the public’s perception of corruption. It covered 10 sectors with a direct bearing on people’s lives, including education, health, the police, the judiciary, and power utilities.

Too high medicinal cost accompanied by doctor’s consultation fees has made the proper medical treatment to become out of the reach of Indian common man, especially in the rural areas where neither licensed medical stores nor qualified doctors are available and malpractices of the Primary Health Centres, available generally in rural towns only, are well known and are practically forfeiting the veritable purpose of PHC’s there. As a result thereof, not only the market of non-qualitative and banned drugs and medicines is flourishing day by day, but the unqualified doctors also are emerging fast and plundering the poor mass. On account of insufficient availability of generic medicines (patent based medicines which are cheaply produced by another process) the patients are compelled to purchase high priced branded medicines.

An analysis of drug market in India by the ‘World Health Organisation’ (WHO) also reveals that Indian pharmaceutical companies are charging very high prices of medicines from patients. In India, the pharmaceutical companies are earning profits even up to ten times or more of the production cost in case of both branded and unbranded medicines. Not only is this, but the companies, by printing high retail price, are letting the sellers too to earn abnormal profits. Like the ratio between production cost and whole sale price, in many cases the retail price also is ten times or more of the whole sale price. The anti-allergic tablet named as ‘Citrazine’ of ‘Cipla Pharmaceuticals’ is an example. High retail prices of patented and generic medicines are making the general mass to resort to unauthentic and duplicate medicines produced by unlicensed pharmaceutical units. That is why the influence of unauthentic, unlicensed and duplicate medicine producing units in Indian drug market is day by day increasing whereby the people are being badly hit on account of low effectiveness and severe side-effects of the medicines produced by these companies. Many times the doctors too, having been affected by the commission based and gift based sale strategies of the companies producing duplicate medicines, prescribe these medicines without paying heed to the compositions and the bad effects on health on account of the use of these medicines. In some cases the sellers (chemists) let aside the prescription of doctor and sell these medicines especially to the illiterate or docile customers. Not only is this, but the manufacturing companies of these medicines also establish their links even to the government medicine purchasing authorities and seek supply orders. Not only the substandard medicines but even those harmful medicines are being produced and sold in bulks in the Indian market which stand banned at international level.  

Medicines are very precious for human life and have become at present a good part of trade. Therefore, the government should take strong and effective steps to make the qualitative and cheap medicines easily available to the people. The government also should take proper measures against malpractices prevailing in the market of medicines and should instil awareness of medicine consumers against these malpractices. Such organisations should be encouraged which manufacture medicines according to the international standards but at low cost so as to make cheap medicines available in the market. The ‘Low Cost Standard Therapeutics (LOCOST)’ trust at Baroda is a good example of such an organisation. This trust is making cheap production in 90 formulations of about 60 necessary medicines to cater the need of poor and needy patients. Moreover, The launching of the ‘public use medicines easy availability programme’ by the Department of Pharmaceuticals of the central government through 100 public stores of generic drugs, planned to be opened up to December 2009, is worth appreciation.

To solve the problems like that of substandard medicines, harmful and banned medicines and unjustified profit margin a central drugs regulatory system has now become acutely and pressingly needed. The issue of permission as regards to the trading of imported medicines also will be settled by such regulatory system.

The government is encouraging and helping the establishment of small pharmaceutical units. Similar cooperation should be extended to the market extension of their products. The condition of minimum turnover should be relaxed in case of small units. In the present period of prevailing depression the small and medium pharmaceutical industries should be helped through stimulus package to protect them in big market. This type of measures will protect the poor and general medical consumers against their being plundered through high prices by providing them cheap medicines. Moreover, it will help making India a medicine hub.

Studies have shown that health care utilisation has been a long standing concern for most of the developing countries and is sensitive to user perceptions of quality. Patient perceptions of health services thence form an important part of health care quality assessment.  Therefore, ways and means should be found out to give potentiality to important elements of making the health system adequately effective to make health services fully responsive to people’s needs and expectations.

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Sigma Health Care a home health and disease management organization, headquartered in Galveston Texas was established in 1997 by Amer Taha. Taha started Sigma with aa mission, vision and a philosophy all focused on the fact that health and medical care can be provided in the patient home in a more efficient and organized fashion if technology is introduced and utilized properly. As a result; in 2002, Taha started and directed a research and development Department within the organization. The …

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Article Source: ArticlesBase.com – A Note on Health Services and Drug Market in India

In China, the medical organizations refer to the organizations received Practice License of Medical Institution, mainly including the specialized diagnostic and curative hospitals, health centers, convalescent hospitals, out-patient clinics, clinics, hygiene centers and first-aid stations etc.

The medical organizations in China belong to service industry, directly faced to numerous consumers and supervised by medical executive departments of Chinese government. The regional distributions of Chinese hygiene resources are comparatively balanced, regional distribution disparity mainly showing in the levels of medical organizations, asset scales, revenues and expenditures, private medical organization distribution and foreign funded medical distribution, reflecting the regional economic development differences. Chinese medical industry is mainly concentrated in Shanghai, Beijing, Guangdong and Zhejiang, accounting for most hygiene resources and higher level technologies.

In 2008, the total expenditures of Chinese medical industry were 1.22 trillion Yuan (174 billion USD), increasing by 8.2% of last year. The expenditures per capita were 915 Yuan (130 USD). 

By the end of 2008, Chinese health organizations were about 300 thousand, in which hospitals were 19,701 (13,111 public hospitals), 40 thousand clinics, 28 thousand community health service centers, 3,020 maternity and child care centers, 3,560 centers for disease control and prevention and 2,591 health monitoring institutions. Compared with last year, the health organizations were increased by two thousand, with the increased numbers of community health service centers and health monitoring institutions and the reduction in hospitals, town clinics, maternity and child care centers and centers for disease control and prevention.

By the end of 2008, the total beds of Chinese medical organizations were 3.97 million, up by year on year 7.2%. Chinese medical technicians were 4.92 million, including 2.05 million licensed assistant doctors and registered nurses of 1.62 million, rising by 130 thousand of Chinese medical technicians, 40 thousand of licensed assistant doctors and 80 thousand of registered nurses compared with the year of 2007. The licensed assistant doctor number per one thousand was increased from 1.54 in 2007 to 1.55 in 2008, as well as the registered nurse number from 1.18 to 1.22. The county doctors and health workers were 1.06 per one thousand agricultural populations.

In 2008, it was predicted that the outpatient visits in Chinese hospitals reached to 1.69 billion man-times, including 1.53 billion man-times in public hospitals, accounting for 90.5%. The inpatient number was 68 million, including 62.3 million in public hospitals, accounting for 91.5%.

For a long time, Chinese medical systems were state-governed, lack of competition and vigor, co-existences of shortage and surplus in resource allocation, low service quality and inefficiency. Thus, the reforms in medical systems fell far behind than other industries. Since, 2000, Chinese government approved the guidelines of medical system reforms and carried out classified regulation in the medical organizations. The perspectives of medical organization market came into open. 

Because of the promising perspectives, Chinese private and joint hospitals were established recently.

Chinese government guided and encouraged the entry of private and other assets into medical organizations by two means: first, asset acquisition, that is the participation of property right and operation means reforms in public hospitals, the acquisition of original stored assets; second, the added investment, that is the direct participation in the investment in the medical industry, constructions and operations, in which asset acquisition accounted for the most.

It is a long time to receive profits in a newly built hospital, at least five years. But if you merged with the present hospitals, the time will be shortened sharply, some of which will keep balance in the revenues and expenditures because of the fixed doctors, nurses and patients in the former hospitals.

The works of Chinese medical service systems will be divided rationally in the future among the community health service centers, comprehensive hospitals and the specialized hospitals, with the community health service centers specializing in the prevention, health care, health education, birth control and easily diagnose chronic disease treatment and rehabilitation of common diseases and  frequently-occurring diseases, the comprehensive hospitals and the specialized hospitals specializing in the disease diagnostics. The large hospitals will mainly diagnose the critical illness and difficult or complicated illness and develop education and research combining clinical experiments. 

More following information can be obtained in this report:

- Development of Chinese Medical Industry

- Sub-sectors of Chinese Medical Industry

-Value Chains of Chinese Medical Service Industry

- Competitions of Chinese Medical Industry

- Investment Opportunities of Chinese Medical Industry

- Trends of Chinese Medical Industry

- Influences of International Financial Crisis on Chinese Medical Industry        

If you are interested in this report, please visit Research Report on Chinese Medical Industry, 2009

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Susan G Komen for the Cure is an organization that raises funds for education, health services, and research related to breast cancer. If you would like to donate, please go here: tinyurl.com Information about walks, races, volunteering, etc. can be found at ww5.komen.org Thanks so much, everyone! … breast cancer susan komen for the cure race walk project awesome vlogbrothers

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Alice is an industry analyst in this field for more than 5 years with depth insight in the recent market trends. Based on the database, Interviews and research methods from China Research and Intelligence, she analyzes the development and opportunities in this industry clearly.

As demand for mental health and addictions treatment grows, insurance coverage must be preserved and expanded. It’s critical that we preserve the guarantee of Medicaid coverage for low income, disabled Americans. Commercial parity must be passed; Medicare parity must follow; and if we accept what research is teaching us–that addictions are chronic, relapsing conditions that require ongoing monitoring and management, just like diabetes, asthma, and yes like mental illnesses–then we must act. We must lead the fight to restore eligibility for social security disability for people with addiction disorders.

Data collected by non-profit organizations documents increased demand and increased numbers of uninsured. States reallocated their general fund mental health dollars to the Medicaid match. And now state plans to cover the uninsured are floundering. This leaves large numbers of individuals with treatable mental illnesses in our overburdened emergency rooms and without access to the services that can engage them, treat them, and return them to work.

We’re denying our economy productive taxpayers. We’re wasting human lives. We must introduce and champion a federal funding stream to cover the mental health and addictions treatment costs of the uninsured.

The Community Mental Health Service Improvement Act begins to address our workforce crisis, but it’s just a beginning. 

We cannot stand by and watch our best and brightest become plastic surgeons and investment bankers. Skilled staff demands adequate compensation. We must be attractive to leaders that reflect the diversity of our communities. And we can’t allow people with serious mental illnesses or addictions to wait for weeks and months for an appointment with a psychiatrist. We must be clear and forceful advocates for cost based reimbursement that supports salaries that can attract and retain skilled staff.

If we truly want to narrow the gap between science and service, we must stop investing in manuals and planning grants, and start investing in retooling the organizations that deliver services.

We must preserve, strengthen and expand the mental health and addictions treatment capacity in this country. But it has not been and it will not be easy.

We are part of a healthcare system that reflects the American belief in the marketplace. A healthcare system that talks universal coverage but hates taxes. A healthcare system that resists cost containment, counting on disease management and prevention for savings, although so far they show little evidence of delivering savings. A healthcare system that’s promoting “medical homes” as the newest cost saving strategy, confusing a strategy to improve the quality of care with one that saves money.

But we do know something about saving money. Pioneering studies are telling us that there are enormous disparities in healthcare expenditures from one region of our country to another, with no difference in healthcare outcomes. If the entire nation could bring its costs down to match the lower spending regions, we would cut 20 to 30 percent off America’s healthcare bill. Most of the difference in spending is for hospital care. Hospitalization, including inpatient psychiatric care, is a vital intervention that must be available but in many communities we can do better.

If we’re serious about improving consumer outcomes, point of service is where improvement will occur.

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Thank you! Dr. Stéphane Provencher and Dr. Pat Bronder for caring enough to donate your time and talents to FMS research and treatment! After having doctors attempt to mask my debilitating fibromyalgia symptoms with prescription drugs for 16 years, it has been very refreshing to find a clinic dedicated to finding and treating the underlying causes. In November 2008, I began participating in a 10 session fibromyaglia research project beginning treatment with Dr. Stéphane and concluding the …

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Linda Rosenberg leads the National Council for Community Behavioral Healthcare in treating mental illnesses and addiction disorders across the country. The Community Mental Health Service Improvement Act is a step in the right direction toward mental health reform, but more can be accomplished. Lean how at http://www.thenationalcouncil.org/.

SOCIAL JUSTICE THROUGH HEALTH CARE

We hardly come across a person who may be fully satisfied with the health care delivery system run by either the government or the private sector. This is true not only for developing but for all the developed countries as well. Every law abiding, contributing individual has some legitimate expectations from the state. Disenchantment with present dispensation of health care compels people to seek better options across the borders. Even the present flow rate of patients from developed to developing countries has assumed the proportions of Medical tourism. Medical tourism is not a one-way traffic. Poor from India are known to visit Rashid Hospital at Lahore for kidney transplants. Medical tourism will definitely bring in world class equipment and services in our corporate hospitals. These corporate tertiary care hospitals can act as excellent referral hospitals. Lack of enough clinical material, as the patients are often referred to in medical parleyences is prompting the doctors from developed world into medical adventurism. Very recently two NGO’s headed by renowned plastic surgeons of Indian origin were in India, claiming to their credit hundreds of cleft lip and palate surgeries conducted in one week. During my brief interaction when I asked them one basic question that how do you justify single step surgery by a single specialist for a clinical entity that require 3-5 set up surgeries by 10 specialists over a period of 20 years, there was no answer. On record local doctors conduct all these surgeries. These NGO’s bring in a battery of trainee resident doctors for hands on training. Dumping of questionable services and drugs continues unabated in the absence of stringent regulations. Clear-cut up to date guidelines by health authorities have yet to be issued to safe guard the health interests of this nation. Most of the drugs banned in developed countries are still being dumped in the Indian market. Commerce alone dictates the policies of multinational companies in health sector of developing countries. State and national medical councils, the watch dogs of our national health interests are controlled by elected representatives from among the doctors. Competitive populism for being elected to these high offices takes away the very sting off these regulators. In this ‘market forces’ driven health sector, apart from other factors, size of the population, economic prosperity and literacy levels dictate the out look of key players. Subjective as well as objective assessments of the health care operations leave people confused with huge piles of data and endless interpretations. At the tail end of govt. health care delivery system is the rural dispensary or the slum revamping center, and the end user an illiterate or semi literate villager or a slum dweller. Dispensary is the humane face, the welfare state can present to its people. In yesteryears the service providers were from among the same social class they used to serve. Doctor can be a friend, philosopher and guide to the locals. Unfortunately the economic and social disparity between the service providing doctors and the service user population has grown enormously. Ad-hocism in health care delivery should be done away with immediate effect. Doctors and paramedical staff appointed on yearly contract basis are not showing any interest in the national programmes. Established private health care providers also have not shown any meaningful commitment for national programmes. Middle class itself has fragmented. Now it is fashionable to assign economic values to any issue like gender, but for social responsibility and justice. In this era of fast paced growth, the unorganized, silently suffering millions can not be wished away. Once reading on biodiversity I stumbled upon a very interesting quote, “only the species with economic importance will survive”. In our active pursuit for magnetizing economy, we assigned economic values to any thing except for morals. Commercialization of education has produced a new breed of professionals who have scant regard for professional ethics. Privatization is the buzzword with governments, because it takes away government responsibility. Private sector players are eyeing many ‘viable’ health institutions. There are no takers for commercially non-viable rural institutions. Rural health institutions dispense social medicine. Very recently one of the key players from private sector health care quoted the cost of developing one bed in corporate hospital at Rs. 30-60 lacs. These corporate health services are definitely out of each of the common man. These type of hospitals are definitely required for a nation with the present rate of growth but ‘bharat’ definitely needs different kind of hospitals. There are very strong social under currents against the exploitive private healthcare, inadequate government sector health care resources and the indifferent approach of welfare state. Health for all is a very lofty but expensive proposition. There are ways and means to reduce the pressure from government institutions. Private-public partnership, health insurance, monitoring and regulation of private sector health care can all make the things bit easy. Preventive health care education can go a long way in improving the public health. Community participation in health care has produced few but wonderful examples. Complementary community participation can make up for minor but critical deficiencies in the government run health care system. Setting up of health system corporations with World Bank assistance has already improved the working of govt. sector health care institutions considerably. Community participation through NGO’s can still improve the system, but most of the meaningful NGO’s turn their back on govt. run health care institutions because of their doubts on the integrity of government officers. Government health care institution are increasingly seen not as caring hospitals but like police stations, where medico legal reports are written and postmortems conducted. Most of the government doctors’ time is spent in courts appearing as medico legal experts witnesses. Emergency, post mortem, and then the VIP duties in addition hardly leave the doctors free for any meaningful job at government hospitals. There is an urgent need to have separate curative, preventive, legal, administrate and health intelligence wings. Government hospitals attract the poorest of the poor, mostly people from the unorganized sector. Their contribution to national GDP is by no means small. With the present growth rate, upward social mobility is seen in every strata of society. Many segments of this unorganized sector can be organised so that they also enjoy the patronage of welfare state in the form of health insurance policies. Apart from direct benefit to these segments of society, the state will benefit from the ‘off loading’ of burden from government run health care system and loading it on insurance driven private sector health care institutions. Poorest of the poor will repose faith in welfare state. Sanjivini, health insurance policy with the Punjab Milkmen Cooperative Societies is already a big success. ECHS (Ex servicemen Contributory Health Scheme) is an other success story. These success stories can be replicated with countless groups like, panwallas, dhabewallas, autorikshaw drivers etc. Simply organize the unorganized sector. There is no dearth of role models from among government doctors also. Their inclusion rather than drift after dissent from the present dispensation of health care will immensely improve the system. Stability of tenure is an excellent incentive government can give to its doctors without costing anything to exchequer. Yet tenure beyond decades should be discouraged as it leads to development of vested interests of the old incumbents and denial of chance to the youngsters. Resource mismatching is a major problem in the govt. run health care system. There are dispensaries where specialists are posted and still many more civil hospitals where non-specialist are posted. These mismatching result in defective and inefficient health care. Nodal Hospitals can be created for round the clock emergency services by cannibalizing defunct and sick institutions where equipment worth crores is lying unused and salary bills are bleeding the exchequer white. Most of the medical officers retire in the same administrate rank. This undue stagnation has forced many a brilliant doctors out of service. By simply seeking options for place of posting, honestly implementing with minimum displacement on merit can also revitalize the govt. doctors’ cadres. Private sector health care delivery system is a totally market driven commercial enterprise. So called ‘market forces’ have least respect for ethical and moral value systems. Multi level marketing chains have evolved in the name of referral systems. End result is exploitation of the unsuspecting common man, who still regards his healer a holy person. This ‘incentive’ system is strengthening the hold of unqualified, unscrupulous and unregistered medical practitioners on illiterate masses. Not many qualified doctors are unscrupulous. A large section of private health care providers feel genuinely threatened by blackmailers of all sorts. Consumer protection act is a very convenient beating stick in the hands of their tormentors.

Under the constant threat of being blackmailed, the private health care providers are becoming more defensive in attitude. More patients are being referred to tertiary care institutions for this reason only, thereby flooding the referral institutions. People have a common feeling that sickness is an invitation for exploitation at the hands of private health care providers. Even the charitable hospitals are charging as heavily as fully private hospitals. Medical profession is fully responsible and capable of self-correction. Medical councils and associations can jointly evolve a fail-safe mechanism to keep their black sheep under check even without government help, but the buck stops with the government. Welfare state is duty bound not only in providing health care delivery system but also proper health care administration and social justice through its health care delivery mechanism.

Name : Dr. Pardeep Kumar Sharma

Email-ID : omfspardeep@yahoo.com.

(M) : 0988456296

Date of Birth : 12.02.1962

Education Qualifications : BDS (Bachelor of Dental Surgery)

MDS (Master of Dental Surgery in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

Educational Institutes Attended

Govt. High School Bargari : Matriculation (1969-1977)

Distt. Faridkot, Punjab, India

DAV College Chandigarh : Pre-University (1973-79)

(Punjab University)

Barjindra College Faridkot : Pre-Medical (1980)

Dental Wing, Medical College : BDS (1981-1986)

Patiala

Dental College and Hospital : MDS (2003-2006)

Amritsar

Professional Experience

House Officer, Christian : 1987-1988

Medical College & Hospital,

Ludhiana

Research Officer, All India : Jan. 1989 to June 1989

Institute of Medical Science

AIIIMS, New Delhi

Dental Officer, Indian Armed : July 1989 to August 1994.

Forces in the Rank of Capt.

3

Medical Officer (Dental) : w.e.f. Nov. 1995 till date

in Punjab Civil Medical Service

(PCMS)

Research papers Published

“Role of Programmed cell death in dental anomalies associated with cleft lip and Palate”. “Medical Hypotheses” Churchil Living Stone Publishers London-1991

Post traumatic polatoglossal adhesion, a case report stomatologica India (1990).

Research Project Undertakes

“Malocclusion and associated Factors among Delhi Children” a study sponsored by Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR).

Areas of Interest : Environment, Health, Defence, International Affairs and Rationalism

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The Lisbon treaty deletes the current absolute guaranteed right to veto a WTO trade deal that involves one or more of health, education, social, cultural and audiovisual services. It replaces it with a conditional veto. My analysis and that of the ‘CAEUC – Vote No to Lisbon’ is that in light of the ECJ Watts court case of 2006 and the text of Lisbon, the conditional veto of Lisbon won’t hold up to stop those services entering the WTO – and therefore Ireland can’t veto the agricultural part …

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author is an oral and maxillofacial surgeon working as programme officer with civil surgeon ludhiana,punjab ,india